Background Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common systemic vasculitis in children and is usually self-limited with a favorable prognosis. However, recurrence in children is associated with a poorer prognosis, ie, a higher risk of progressing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a long-term complication. In Indonesia, the recurrence rate of HSP and its predictors in children have not been well established.Objective To estimate the incidence of recurrent HSP and determine its predictors in children at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSCM).Methods A retrospective cohort review of medical records followed children aged< 18 years at RSCM for 6 months after HSP diagnosis based on the the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/Paediatric Rheumatology European Society (PRESS)/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) criteria. Multivariate, Cox logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed.Results This study included 116 children aged 2–17 years with HSP. Twenty-six (22.4%) of the subjects experienced recurrence, with an incidence of 3.56 per 100,000 person-years. The only statistically significant predictor for recurrence was the presence of infection after the first episode of HSP (HR 11.301; 95% CI 4.327 to 29.519; P< 0.001). The cumulative survival of subjects with infection for recurrence over 6 months was 51%, with mean 5.3 months survival duration (95% CI 4.76 to 5.99; P< 0.0001). Chronic kidney disease, a long-term complication of HSP, was noted in 22 (19%) participants.Conclusion Recurrence of HSP was observed in 22.4% of our subjects …