Weighted Ensemble Based on Prisoner Dilemma for Facial Expression Recognition
Penulis:Â Hunafa, Muhammad Hannan;Â Luthfi Ramadhan Mgs, M.;Â Ramadhan, Alif Wicaksana;Â Rachmadi, Muhammad Febrian;Â Jatmiko, Wisnu
Informasi
JurnalIEEE Access
PenerbitInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Volume & EdisiVol. 13
Halaman109200 - 109218
Tahun Publikasi2025
ISSN21693536
Jenis SumberScopus
Abstrak
Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is a task that recognizes the expression or emotion of a person based on their face, enabling computers to identify the mood and emotions of individuals. FER tasks in real-world scenarios remain challenging due to the variations of many parameters captured by the image sensor. Many approaches have been proposed to improve FER tasks in real-world scenarios. One of them is the utilization of an ensemble model. The weighted ensemble is one way to do an ensemble by weighting each model with a weight. However, the weight values are left to the researcher to decide, which raises another problem in determining a weight for the weighted ensemble. In this research, we proposed a novel weighting voting inspired by the Prisoner Dilemma. Based on the experiments, our proposed method achieved an accuracy and f1 score of 83.25% and 75.02% respectively in the RAFDB dataset, and an accuracy and f1 score of 64.73% and 63.07% in the FER2013 dataset, which is relatively better than the other state-of-the-art and our baseline. © 2013 IEEE.
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