Architecting the Sky: A 6 GHz NTN-D2D Framework for Ubiquitous Digital Access in Indonesia

Penulis: Tua, Frans David; Gunawan, Dadang
Informasi
JurnalProceeding - ISIBER 2026: International Seminar on Intelligent Business and Edge-Computing Research
PenerbitInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Halaman629 - 634
Tahun Publikasi2026
ISBN979-833155891-8
Jenis SumberScopus
Abstrak
The Republic of Indonesia faces significant telecommunications challenges characterized by a fragmented archipelagic geography and a persistent digital divide in '3T' (Frontier, Outermost, Disadvantaged) regions. While national internet penetration has reached 79.5 %, service quality in remote areas remains suboptimal due to the economic infeasibility of terrestrial fiber deployment. This study presents 'Architecting the Sky,' a novel hybrid network framework that synergizes Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) with 6 GHz Device-to-Device (D2D) Sidelink connectivity. Leveraging the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Digital (KOMDIGI) Decree No. 12 of 2025 - which opens the lower 6 GHz band (5925-6425 MHz for unlicensed use - and 3GPP Release 18 standards, we propose a two-hop architecture. High-gain 'Relay UEs' utilize the upper 6 GHz band for licensed satellite backhaul to mitigate severe tropical rain attenuation, while redistributing connectivity indoors via high-bandwidth unlicensed Sidelink. System-level simulations, incorporating ITU-R P.618 tropical propagation models, demonstrate that this framework delivers median throughputs of 45 Mbps with sub-40 ms latency, maintaining 99.99% availability even in high-rainfall zones such as Papua. These findings offer critical technical and regulatory insights for establishing NTN-D2D as a pillar of national digital transformation. © 2026 IEEE.
Dokumen & Tautan

© 2025 Universitas Indonesia. Seluruh hak cipta dilindungi.