Candida albicans is a pathogenic microorganism that has the potential to cause opportunistic infections in the oral cavity. The rise of pathogenic forms resistant to current antifungal therapies, as well as limited access to new pharmacological medicines, are two factors contributing to an increase of invasive fungal infections and can be life-threatening to the patient. Resistance to antifungal treatments has increased as they have become more frequently used over the past few years and has also been caused by growing number of new species of Candida. Several mechanisms causing this resistance have been studied and discussed, as well as new methods to overcome resistance when it emerges, including alternative medicine from herbal ingredients. Herbal antifungal substances have been investigated to develop effective and safe therapies for various fungal infections, especially C. albicans. Moringa oleifera Lam. (MOL), also referred to as the Miracle Tree, has gained popularity and is widely researched because the plant is known to have abundant phytoconstituents and exhibits some pharmacological properties, such as antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. The antifungal mechanism of MOL leaf extracts allegedly involves tiny peptides that may play a key role in the plant’s antimicrobial defense. The proteins/peptides are thought to be engaged in a defense mechanism against phytopathogenic fungi by suppressing microorganism growth via a variety of molecular mechanisms, such as attaching to chitin or increasing the permeability of fungal membranes or cell walls. The other antifungal activities and the defense mechanism of MOL against C. albicans are thoroughly investigated in this literature review. © 2025 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.