Previous research has revealed contradictory and inconsistent findings about the relationship between performance goal orientation and self-regulated learning. There are two types of performance goal orientation: performance-approach and performance-avoidance. Most theorists have suggested that performance goal orientation does not support self-regulated learning. However, some research has found that performance goal orientation, especially the performance-approach type, can be beneficial for students with certain characteristics. Two personality traits were employed as moderator variables in the study. The Five-Factor Model explains personality by means of five traits: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness. Various studies have shown that among these traits, adolescents have a higher level of extraversion and neuroticism than children and adults. Therefore, the researchers assumed that extraversion and neuroticism could affect the relationship between performance goal orientation, and self-regulated learning in high school students. The purpose of the study was two-fold: to examine the relationship between the types of performance goal orientation and self-regulated learning, and to examine trait extraversion and neuroticism as moderators in the relationship between the types of performance goal orientation and self-regulated learning. Participants included 293 students from three senior high schools that had implemented Kurikulum 2013. There were 116 boys and 175 girls from the 10th and 11th grades. The following instruments were employed: an adaptation of the Personal Achievement Goal Orientation, the Self-Regulated Learning Scale, and an adaptation of the Big Five Inventory. Results failed to indicated any significant relationship between performance-approach goal orientation and self-regulated learning. However, performance-avoidance orientation was found to be negatively related to self-regulated learning. Finally, extraversion and neuroticism were not found to be significant moderators. © 2020 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.