Context: Thin endometrium with Asherman’s syndrome is a challenge in in vitro fertilisation, as patients cannot conceive even if the embryo is well. Aims: This study aimed to regenerate thin endometria unresponsive to treatments, using autologous endometrial cells and acellular amnion bilayer as a womb patch. Methods: This preliminary quasi-experimental study investigated thin endometria before and after intervention with an amnion bilayer (AB) and AB with self-endometrial cells (AB + Cells). Patients were IVF candidates with oligomenorrhea, endometrial thickness (EMT) < 7 mm, unresponsive towards hormonal treatment, and three courses of platelet-rich plasma applications. Intervention responses were indicated by (i) EMT measurement, (ii) endometrial cell epitopes, (iii) histoarchitecture and immunohistochemistry, and (iv) relative expression of the endometrial receptivity genes. Key results: Average EMT increased significantly from 5.03 ± 0.95 mm to 6.75 ± 1.39 mm after AB, and further to 7.33 ± 1.92 mm after AB + Cells. Cell density was significantly higher after AB + Cells. The histoarchitecture after AB + Cells developed into a complex tubular system, and E-cadherin and oestrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) was detected. Homeobox A10 (HOXA10) expression increased significantly, up to 4.5-fold after AB + Cells treatment compared with before treatment (P = 0.01), while leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and osteopontin (SPP1) levels also increased, but not significantly. Significant changes in gene expression and cell populations were observed, with improvements in receptivity genes. Conclusions: Patients with thin endometria showed improvement in EMT, histoarchitecture, and receptivity genes after AB and AB + Cells intervention. Implications: The study demonstrates the potential of using a 3D amnion bilayer scaffold with endometrial cells to improve endometrial regeneration. © 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing