Background/Aims Antenatal care is important for screening, monitoring and management of pregnancy risks. This study analysed determinants of antenatal care in Indonesia among women aged 18-24 years and older than 30 years, who are at greater risk of pregnancy and birth complications. Methods This cross-sectional study used secondary data from 4338 women in the 2017 Indonesian demographic health survey. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used to explore the effects of individual, partner and social factors on antenatal care. Results Antenatal care attendance was associated with a younger age at first birth (adjusted odds ratio: 1.49; P<0.001), health insurance (adjusted odds ratio: 1.54; P=0.004) and the middle wealth quintile (adjusted odds ratio: 1.78; P=0.002). Conclusions Collaboration is needed to increase awareness of complications and the importance of antenatal care. © 2023 MA Healthcare Ltd. All rights reserved.