This study examined the mediating role of person–environment fit in the relationships of perceived organizational support and proactive personality on contextual performance. A total of 171 officers in correctional facilities in Nusakambangan Island returned usable questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS 4. Results showed that person–environment fit partially mediated the influence of perceived organizational support and proactive personality on contextual performance. This study contributes to the existing literature by investigating and predicting the mediating role of person–environment fit which was little highlighted by previous research. The study is expected to provide insight, evidence, and knowledge for academics, HR managers, and correctional policymakers that improving officer contextual performance, improving organizational support, and attracting and retaining officers with proactive personalities can increase opportunities for organizations to build strong human resources and in turn contribute to contextual performance that can improve the achievement of organizational effectiveness. © 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.