Microalgae, especially Aurantiochytrium sp., have attracted considerable research attention due to their ability to produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an essential bioactive compound for human health. DHA, a key polyunsaturated fatty acid, plays a crucial role in brain and nervous system development, supports cardiovascular health, and may help in preventing cancer. Historically, DHA was primarily sourced from fish, but ocean contamination has negatively impacted the quality of DHA found in fish. Although plant-based alternatives to fish oil offer a temporary solution, they do not provide the long-chain DHA necessary for optimal health benefits. Recent studies have highlighted Aurantiochytrium sp. as a promising, high-quality, and sustainable source of DHA. This study employed a systematic review design to provide a literature review on the potential of Aurantiochytrium sp. as a premium source of DHA. With their high DHA production and beneficial organic metabolites, microalgae represent an efficient and environmentally friendly solution to meet the growing demand for DHA in human health. Continued research into microalgae as a premium source of DHA is expected to have positive effects on the food, health, and environmental sectors. © 2025 Aini et al.