In the era of VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity) and technological disruption, Indonesia’s construction sector faces significant challenges. This study aims to identify and evaluate the key components of human capital agility, leadership agility, and project success within this sector. Using a combination of systematic literature reviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), this research develops and refines assessment frameworks for these variables. The findings highlight that project success extends beyond the traditional dimensions of time, cost, and quality (iron triangle) to include sustainability, environmental performance, and stakeholder satisfaction. From 20 proposed components, 17 were validated for human capital agility, emphasizing flexibility, responsiveness, and proactivity as key elements. Similarly, leadership agility is characterized by resilience, emotionally intelligent, adaptable, and responsive, with 17 validated components out of 22. Furthermore, this study identifies critical project success factors, including time, quality, profitability, health, cost and safety, with defuzzification scores exceeding 0.89. This research contributes both theoretically and practically by providing a strategic framework to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of Indonesia’s construction sector. Stakeholders are encouraged to optimize human capital and leadership agility to effectively address dynamic project environments. © 2025 by the authors.